Complete & incomplete proteins (what are they? Food sources?)
Essential and non-essential amino acids
Vegan concerns and solutions
Another name: Polypeptide
What are they?
Proteins are the building blocks of life. The proteins are important because help your body to repair cells and make new ones and also for growth and development during childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy.
HOW THE BODY USES PROTEINS
Proteins make up a large part of each cell in the human body.
Every cell contains proteins called enzymes, which speed up chemical reactions. Without enzymes, the cells could not function.
Some proteins perform specific jobs:
Albumin:Helps maintain the body's fluid balance by keeping water in the blood.
=
=
Hemoglobin:Carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues.
=
=
Antibodies:Are proteins in the blood that help protect the body from disease.
Hormones:Are proteins that control processes as growth, development, and reproduction.
Protein helps build, maintain and repair tissues. For example protein helps your muscular tissues and your organs.
Protein also helps your immune system become stronger.
It produces energy and stamina.
It also helps your body run, by regulating body performance
You should eat 2-3 servings of protein a day. A serving of protein varies depending on the food but some examples are:
1/2 cup- Non fatty meat.
2 eggs
2 Tbsp. Peanut Butter.
Synergists and inhibitors of protein: There were no proven Synergists or inhibitors of protein that I could find.
Protein Deficiencies:
General Weakness
Unhealthy Weight loss
Difficulty sleeping
Headaches
Fainting
Crankiness and moodiness
Over Consumption of Protein:
Contributes to an unhealthy weight gain.
Can unbalance water percentage.
Excellent Food Sources for Protein:
Milk
Cheese
Eggs
Meat (Poultry and fish are healthier options, the red meat isn't as healthy for you because it is usually fattier)
Some Options for Vegans:
Beans,
Hemp Seeds,
Lentils
Nuts
- Complete proteins --
is a source of protein that contains an adequate proportion of all nine of the essencial amino acids necessary for the dietary needs of humans or other animals. The complete proteins are meat and other animal products (milk, cheese, eggs, meat, fish and poultry), gelatin is an exeption.
- Incomplete proteins – They are low or lacking in one or more of the amino acids we need to build cells. The incomplete proteins are plants, (dried legumes ~ peas, beans, lentils ~ nuts, cereals, breads and vegetables)
Amino Acids:
~Essential Amino Acids: EAA are NOT produced by you, your body gets these EAA by eating protein. When all the Amino acids your body requires occurs in a food it is a complete protein. There are 9 EAA that your body needs to collect from the food you eat.
Some for example are: Histidine, Lysine, Valine.
~If you do not get enough of the EAA then your body starts to degrade or breakdown. Body tissues are not able to repair well and your body may not work as well either.
~Non-Essential Amino Acids: These are the acids that your body can make if they are not supplied in the foods you eat. There are 4 of these acids that your body can produce if you do not get them through the foods you eat.
One for example is:Aspartic Acid
~Conditional Amino Acids: These 4 amino acids are not usually needed unless you are sick or there is a lot of stress.
One for example is Proline
~Amino Acids are used to:
Break down foods,
Help your body grow,
Repair body tissue
A interesting facts about the Amino Acids are:
Plant proteins do not contain all of the amino acids your body needs, that is why Vegans must combine their meals properly.
Amino Acids (Protein) is not stored in your body. That is why you must eat properly every day otherwise your body then steals the Amino Acids from your muscles.
Amino Acids occur every where in your body, your hair, teeth, nails and skin for example.
The main vegan concern is that the vegetables and fruits that they eat do not contain all of the Essential Amino Acids. If they did not plan out their diet and make sure that they know how to get all the amino acids that their body needs then their body would react to that and create deficiencies.
To solve this problem they make sure they know which plant foods are higher in protein and which Amino acids are in those protein foods.
For example some combinations could be:
Peanut Butter Sandwich
Tortilla and refried beans
Lentil Soup with crackers
As you can see here this is what the Vegan's Food pyramid looks like so they can get the right amount of amino acids!
Another name: Polypeptide
What are they?
Proteins are the building blocks of life. The proteins are important because help your body to repair cells and make new ones and also for growth and development during childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy.
HOW THE BODY USES PROTEINS
Proteins make up a large part of each cell in the human body.
Every cell contains proteins called enzymes, which speed up chemical reactions. Without enzymes, the cells could not function.
Some proteins perform specific jobs:
=Albumin:Helps maintain the body's fluid balance by keeping water in the blood.
=
=Hemoglobin:Carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues.
=
Antibodies:Are proteins in the blood that help protect the body from disease.
Hormones:Are proteins that control processes as growth, development, and reproduction.
Protein helps build, maintain and repair tissues. For example protein helps your muscular tissues and your organs.
Protein also helps your immune system become stronger.
It produces energy and stamina.
It also helps your body run, by regulating body performance
You should eat 2-3 servings of protein a day. A serving of protein varies depending on the food but some examples are:
1/2 cup- Non fatty meat.
2 eggs
2 Tbsp. Peanut Butter.
Synergists and inhibitors of protein: There were no proven Synergists or inhibitors of protein that I could find.
Protein Deficiencies:
General Weakness
Unhealthy Weight loss
Difficulty sleeping
Headaches
Fainting
Crankiness and moodiness
Over Consumption of Protein:
Contributes to an unhealthy weight gain.
Can unbalance water percentage.
Excellent Food Sources for Protein:
Milk
Cheese
Eggs
Meat (Poultry and fish are healthier options, the red meat isn't as healthy for you because it is usually fattier)
Some Options for Vegans:
Beans,
Hemp Seeds,
Lentils
Nuts
- Complete proteins --
is a source of protein that contains an adequate proportion of all nine of the essencial amino acids necessary for the dietary needs of humans or other animals. The complete proteins are meat and other animal products (milk, cheese, eggs, meat, fish and poultry), gelatin is an exeption.
- Incomplete proteins – They are low or lacking in one or more of the amino acids we need to build cells. The incomplete proteins are plants, (dried legumes ~ peas, beans, lentils ~ nuts, cereals, breads and vegetables)
Amino Acids:
~Essential Amino Acids: EAA are NOT produced by you, your body gets these EAA by eating protein. When all the Amino acids your body requires occurs in a food it is a complete protein. There are 9 EAA that your body needs to collect from the food you eat.
Some for example are: Histidine, Lysine, Valine.
~If you do not get enough of the EAA then your body starts to degrade or breakdown. Body tissues are not able to repair well and your body may not work as well either.
~Non-Essential Amino Acids: These are the acids that your body can make if they are not supplied in the foods you eat. There are 4 of these acids that your body can produce if you do not get them through the foods you eat.
One for example is:Aspartic Acid
~Conditional Amino Acids: These 4 amino acids are not usually needed unless you are sick or there is a lot of stress.
One for example is Proline
~Amino Acids are used to:
Break down foods,
Help your body grow,
Repair body tissue
A interesting facts about the Amino Acids are:
Plant proteins do not contain all of the amino acids your body needs, that is why Vegans must combine their meals properly.
Amino Acids (Protein) is not stored in your body. That is why you must eat properly every day otherwise your body then steals the Amino Acids from your muscles.
Amino Acids occur every where in your body, your hair, teeth, nails and skin for example.
The main vegan concern is that the vegetables and fruits that they eat do not contain all of the Essential Amino Acids. If they did not plan out their diet and make sure that they know how to get all the amino acids that their body needs then their body would react to that and create deficiencies.
To solve this problem they make sure they know which plant foods are higher in protein and which Amino acids are in those protein foods.
For example some combinations could be:
Peanut Butter Sandwich
Tortilla and refried beans
Lentil Soup with crackers
As you can see here this is what the Vegan's Food pyramid looks like so they can get the right amount of amino acids!
Bibliography
"Amino Acids." The Biology Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/aa/aa.html>.
"Amino acids: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002222.htm>.
Grosvenor, Carrie. "Protein Deficiency Symptoms." Vegetarian meals | Vegan diet. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://vegetarian.lovetoknow.com/Protein_Deficiency_Symptoms>.
"Learning About Proteins ." KidsHealth - the Web's most visited site about children's health. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html#>.
"Protein- What Does It Do?." Georgetown University: Web hosting. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://www3.georgetown.edu/admin/auxiliarysrv/dining/nutrition/protein.html>.
Siebert, Myrtle, Evelyn Kerr, and Phyllis Thomson. Food for life. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1994. Print.
"What is a Food Guide Serving? - Canada's Food Guide - Health Canada." Welcome to the Health Canada Web site | Bienvenue au site Web de Santé Canada. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-aliment/basics-base/serving-portion-eng.php>.
kidneys, the, and excessive amounts (more than 200% of the RDA). "OVERCONSUMPTION OF PROTEIN AND HEALTH-RELATED PROBLEMS." Florian Dental | Sami Bilani DDS. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. <http://www.dentistsamibilani.com/overconsumption-and-health-related-problems/>.
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html#
http://www3.georgetown.edu/admin/auxiliarysrv/dining/nutrition/protein.html
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/food-guide-aliment/basics-base/serving-portion-eng.php
http://vegetarian.lovetoknow.com/Protein_Deficiency_Symptoms
http://www.dentistsamibilani.com/overconsumption-and-health-related-problems/
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002222.htm
Food for Life- Myrtle Siebert and Evelyn Kerr
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/problem_sets/aa/aa.html